Dyyda (Beregdеda)

Dyyda (Hungarian: Beregdеda) is a village in the Beregiv district, Zakarpattia Oblast.
On the territory of the village, archaeologists discovered settlements of the Copper Age (3rd century BC), Bronze Age (2nd century BC) and Early Iron Age (4-8th century BC).

On the outskirts of Dyyda, in the Kirva tract, on a sandy islet-hill surrounded by a marsh, researchers discovered an ancientrus settlement-castle (11-13 centuries) , which is called Ozerny or simply Dydivskyi. The settlement could be reached by two wooden bridges, which could be set on fire in case of danger. According to the monograph of the local historian T. Lygotsky, it was a small clay castle with an internal diameter of 25 m, surrounded by three moats and a dam. There are no documentary references to the building, but according to legends, it was a refuge for robbers. Who and when it was destroyed is not known. Remains of dishes from the 14th – 16th centuries were also found here, which indicates a long period of settlement on the hill.

The modern village was formed in 1957 as a result of the merger of the Hungarian village of Beregdiyda and the Hungarian-Slovak village of Mezevhomok (Homok), which were less than 1 km from each other.

The village of Mezevhomok was territorially part of the Hungarian kingdom and belonged to the Gomoky family, and in 1440 it was pledged. In 1567, due to the devastating attack of the Crimean Tatar horde in 1566, only one plot of land was settled in the village. In 1647, one part of the village belonged to the Golomboshi family, and the other to Perena. Over time, the settlement passed into the ownership of the Lonia and Ergesha families.

From the 16th century the village has a Greek Catholic church.

The village of Beregdiyda in the 16th century. became the place of village meetings. In the second half of the 15th century the owners of the village were Erzhebet Siladi (mother of King Matyas), Janos Korvin, Zygmond and Ernev Chaktorniai. In 1540, King Ferdinand I ordered to register Mihal Budy as the owner of the village. In 1566, the settlement suffered from an attack by the Tatars. In 1609, Ferenc Darovtsi took possession of the lands. After 1849, the Austrian government confiscated Zygmond Pereni’s local alum production plant along with the baron’s land holdings.

In 1556, local residents adopted the reformed faith. The Roman Catholic church, built in the 15th century, was used for services. The temple building is simple, rather miniature, but with disproportionately thick walls. The bell tower of the temple is built in a pyramidal shape with a tent-like finish. Researchers of the architectural monuments of Transcarpathia assume that the walls of the church were once decorated with frescoes. The church acquired its modern appearance in 1903. In 2003, the building was restored.

A lake was formed on the site of the former Dydyv sand quarry and the Chornyi Mochar swamp (total area 14,000 ha) more than 60 hectares in size, which has become a favorite vacation spot for local residents and guests from other districts and regions. According to legend, a huge black snake lives in the lake, which takes people who dare to swim at night.

 

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